The chemical industries are one of South Africa’s most strategic sectors, providing essential inputs into manufacturing, agriculture, mining, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods. From plastics and fertilisers to fuels and paints, chemicals underpin almost every part of the economy. The industry contributes significantly to GDP, exports, and employment, with hubs in Gauteng, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal.

The Chemical Industries Education and Training Authority (CHIETA) is responsible for ensuring a skilled workforce across petrochemicals, fast-moving consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, and industrial chemicals. Funded through the Skills Development Levy, CHIETA’s mandate aligns with the National Skills Development Plan (NSDP) 2030, aiming to tackle critical skills shortages, promote research and innovation, and foster inclusive employment in one of the most technologically intensive sectors.

South Africa’s leading chemical companies including Sasol, AECI, Omnia, Aspen Pharmacare, and multinational firms like Dow and BASF employ tens of thousands of people. These companies require highly specialised skills, from chemical engineering and process technology to safety compliance and industrial automation. Stats SA and industry research show persistent mismatches, while demand for chemical and process engineers, artisans, and lab technicians is high, too few graduates possess the technical depth and work-readiness required.

Unemployment and retrenchments in this sector are often linked to global commodity cycles, fluctuating oil prices, and technological change. For example, shifts toward greener energy and reduced carbon emissions challenge traditional petrochemical operations while creating opportunities in green chemistry, renewable fuels, and biodegradable materials. Workers without reskilling risk being displaced.

Youth and women remain underrepresented in technical and leadership roles, although progress is being made through bursary schemes, graduate placements, and mentorship programmes funded by CHIETA. SMEs and start-ups in areas like cosmetics, cleaning products, and agrochemicals also provide new entry points for inclusive growth.

As South Africa advances towards a low-carbon future, CHIETA’s role will become even more important in facilitating reskilling, promoting STEM education, and investing in green innovation, the SETA can safeguard jobs while preparing the workforce for future opportunities.

 A future-ready chemical workforce will be vital to both industrial competitiveness and environmental sustainability.

Questions for the Future

How can CHIETA accelerate the transition from petrochemical-focused training to skills for green chemistry and renewable fuels?

What role can SMEs in cosmetics, agrochemicals, and cleaning products play in absorbing unemployed youth?

How can more women and young people be supported to access technical and leadership roles in the chemical industries?